Health Risks of Poor Oral Health

Gum disease is an inflammation of the gums, which may also affect the bone supporting the teeth. Plaque is a sticky colourless film of bacterial that constantly builds up, thickens and hardens on the teeth. If it is not removed by daily brushing and flossing, this plaque can harden into tartar and may contribute to infections in the gums.

Left untreated, gum disease can lead to the loss of teeth and an increased risk of more serious diseases, such as respiratory disease. The bacterial in plaque can travel from the mouth to the lungs, causing infection or aggravating existing lung conditions.

There is also a link between diabetes and gum disease. People with diabetes are more susceptible to gum disease and it can put them at greater risk of diabetic complications.

Studies are also examining whether pregnant women with poor oral health may be at a higher risk of delivering pre-term, low birth weight (PLBW) babies than women with good oral health. Babies who are pre-term or low birth weight have a higher risk of developmental complications, asthma, ear infections, birth abnormalities, behavioural difficulties and are at a higher risk of infant death. Even though this research is ongoing, it is still important for pregnant women to take care of their gums and teeth.

Minimising your Risk

To maintain good oral health, you are advised to take the following steps:

· Brush and floss your teeth daily. Using an antimicrobial mouth rinse can also help to reduce the bacterial in your mouth.

· Visit your dentist regularly to have your mouth examined at least every six months. See your dentist immediately if you notice any problems.

· Eat a healthy and nutritive diet.

· Do not smoke or use tobacco in any form. If you do smoke or use any other forms of tobacco, like gutka or pan masala, make sure that you visit your dentist regularly for oral examination for any cancerous lesions.

· Also try and quit tobacco use at the earliest. The Tobacco Intervention Initiative (TII) Centres will help you in this regard.

· If you are pregnant, be sure to eat healthy foods and maintain good oral health and avoid tobacco use.

· Brush your children’s teeth for them, until they are able to write their own name. They should then be able to brush their own teeth with your guidance.